How Can I Delete the First Administrator Account That I Created during Windows 8/Windows 8.1 Installation?

Tags

administrator, Administrator account

Since the first user that you create during Windows 8/Windows 8.1 installation is an administrator account, you cannot easily remove it from the computer until you have either enabled the built-in Administrator account, or you have created any other account and have added it to the Administrators group. If you have not created any local account and have created a Microsoft account during the OS installation, it is important that you should convert it to local account before you finally delete it from the system. To summarize, you are required to do the following:

1. Enable the built-in Administrator account or create a new administrator user.
2. Convert the first administrator account that you created during the Windows 8/Windows 8.1 installation to the local account. (If applicable)
3. Sign-in to Windows 8/Windows 8.1 using the built-in Administrator or additionally created administrator account.
4. Remove the first administrator account.

If you want to get the above task done, you must follow the steps given below:

1. Log on to Windows8/Windows 8.1 using the manually created administrator account.
2. On the start screen type CMD.
3. From the search results, right-click Command Prompt.
4. From the context menu, click Run as administrator.
5. Click Yes for confirmation when prompted by User Account Control.
6. On Administrator: Command Prompt type the net user administrator /active:yes command, and press Enter.
7. Close the Administrator: Command Prompt window.
8. Sign out, and then sign back in to the built-in Administrator account.
9. On the Start screen, go to the desktop window and press Windows + C keys on your keyboard to open the Charms bar.
10. From the displayed options, click Settings.
11. In the Settings window, click Change PC settings.
12. From the displayed options PC settings window, in left pane, click to select Accounts.
13. Choose Other accounts option from the Accounts window in the left pane.
14. From the right pane, under the Manage other accounts section, click to select the first administrator account you want to delete.
15. After selecting, click Remove from the available options.
16. When prompted, click Delete account and data to confirm the deletion.

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Kekuatan dalam Berkomunitas

GMS@ProM Pusat by Natanael from Jakarta

Komunitas itu begitu penting untuk menguatkan seorang akan yg lain.
Penulis Chechen Soop pernah berkata, jika kamu ingin menjadi orang kaya dengan siapa kita berkomunitas. apakah komunitas kita membangun kita apa akan merusak kita. untuk masa 20thn 5org terdekat dengan kmu maka orang itu akan menjadikan dirimu seperti apa kita. Komunitas akan menjadikan apa masadepan kita. 1Kor15:33
Paulus mengatakan demikian krn pada masa di Korintus dimana mereka tidak percaya akan kebangkitan org mati.
Tidak ada kebangkitan diantara org mati maka:
1. Tidak ada pertanggung jawaban akan kehidupan, krn tidak percaya akan adanya sorga dan neraka.
2. Dengan konsep berpikir demikian maka kita akan hidup sesuka kita sendiri, dan akan ada generasi yg tidak bertanggung jawab dwngan diri sendiri.

Jika kita berkomunitas maka:
1. kita akan berkomunikasi (ada komunikasi yg dibangun)
2. Kontribusi
3. Distribusi(saling tukar informasi)
4. Fellowship (bergerak bersama)
5. Inpartasi(kita mengikuti sebuah tujuan yg sama)
2Taw20:26-37
Yosafat melakukan persekutuan dengan raja
dimana Tuhan tidak berkenan atasnya.
Ada 4 tipe orang:
1. Cakap menangani berkat dan kesengsaraan.
2. Cakap menangani berkat tapi tidak cakap menangani kesengsaraan.
3. Cakap menangani kesengsaraan tapi tidak ckap menangani berkat.
4. Tidak cakap menangani berkat dan kesengsaraan.

Yusuf beeada dimana pun tempatnya, dia tetap dengan Tuhan sehingga Tuhan mempercayakan puncak pimpinan.
Pada saat juru minuman firaun diangkat dan melupakan pesan Yusuf, itu bukan berarti Tuhan lupa akan Yusuf, akan tetapi Tuhan ingin mengangkatnya lebih tinggi melampaui juru minuman. tetapi setara dengan Firaun.
Yusuf mengetahui kenapa Yusuf di kirim ke mesir, dia tahu bahwa tujuan hidupnya adalah memelihara umat Tuhan.

Makna Kenaikan Yesus

Yoh14:1-

1. Yesus naik ke sorga adl untuk kita
Jika Yesus tidak naik ke sorga maka misinya akan gagal. Yesus adl Alllah yang bertanggung jawab. dialah masuk dlm kehadirat Bapa dengan tubuh jasmani. 

Lukas24:50-53 Tuhan naik ke sorga dlm keadaan bahagia. Sehingga anak2 Tuhan yg lahir baru maka dia akan berbahagia karena nya.
Yoh14:6-9 (Filipus mengatakan begitu karena kebimbangan akan pengharapan)

2. Yesuslah yang punya sorga
“Akulah” Tuhan itu ingin kita tahu siapa si pemilik sorga.
Yoh5:15 15-18 that He is God. Yesus menyatakan diriNya sebagai Dia, Allah.

W: GPG error: http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com precise-updates/grizzly Release: The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

W: GPG error: http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com precise-updates/grizzly Release: The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 5EDB1B62EC4926EA

how to fix this issue :

#apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 5EDB1B62EC4926EA
#apt-get update

How nginx processes a request

Tags

nginx

Name-based virtual servers

nginx first decides which server should process the request. Let’s start with a simple configuration where all three virtual servers listen on port *:80:

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.org www.example.org;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.net www.example.net;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    ...
}

In this configuration nginx tests only the request’s header field “Host” to determine which server the request should be routed to. If its value does not match any server name, or the request does not contain this header field at all, then nginx will route the request to the default server for this port. In the configuration above, the default server is the first one — which is nginx’s standard default behaviour. It can also be set explicitly which server should be default, with the default_server parameter in the listen directive:

server {
    listen      80 default_server;
    server_name example.net www.example.net;
    ...
}

The default_server parameter has been available since version 0.8.21. In earlier versions the default parameter should be used instead.

Note that the default server is a property of the listen port and not of the server name. More about this later.

How to prevent processing requests with undefined server names

If requests without the “Host” header field should not be allowed, a server that just drops the requests can be defined:

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name "";
    return      444;
}

Here, the server name is set to an empty string that will match requests without the “Host” header field, and a special nginx’s non-standard code 444 is returned that closes the connection.

Since version 0.8.48, this is the default setting for the server name, so the server_name "" can be omitted. In earlier versions, the machine’s hostname was used as a default server name.

Mixed name-based and IP-based virtual servers

Let’s look at a more complex configuration where some virtual servers listen on different addresses:

server {
    listen      192.168.1.1:80;
    server_name example.org www.example.org;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      192.168.1.1:80;
    server_name example.net www.example.net;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      192.168.1.2:80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    ...
}

In this configuration, nginx first tests the IP address and port of the request against the listen directives of the server blocks. It then tests the “Host” header field of the request against the server_name entries of the server blocks that matched the IP address and port. If the server name is not found, the request will be processed by the default server. For example, a request for www.example.com received on the 192.168.1.1:80 port will be handled by the default server of the 192.168.1.1:80 port, i.e., by the first server, since there is no www.example.com defined for this port.

As already stated, a default server is a property of the listen port, and different default servers may be defined for different ports:

server {
    listen      192.168.1.1:80;
    server_name example.org www.example.org;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      192.168.1.1:80 default_server;
    server_name example.net www.example.net;
    ...
}

server {
    listen      192.168.1.2:80 default_server;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    ...
}

A simple PHP site configuration

Now let’s look at how nginx chooses a location to process a request for a typical, simple PHP site:

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.org www.example.org;
    root        /data/www;

    location / {
        index   index.html index.php;
    }

    location ~* \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
        expires 30d;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass  localhost:9000;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME
                      $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include       fastcgi_params;
    }
}

nginx first searches for the most specific prefix location given by literal strings regardless of the listed order. In the configuration above the only prefix location is “/” and since it matches any request it will be used as a last resort. Then nginx checks locations given by regular expression in the order listed in the configuration file. The first matching expression stops the search and nginx will use this location. If no regular expression matches a request, then nginx uses the most specific prefix location found earlier.

Note that locations of all types test only a URI part of request line without arguments. This is done because arguments in the query string may be given in several ways, for example:

/index.php?user=john&page=1
/index.php?page=1&user=john

Besides, anyone may request anything in the query string:

/index.php?page=1&something+else&user=john

Now let’s look at how requests would be processed in the configuration above:

• A request “/logo.gif” is matched by the prefix location “/” first and then by the regular expression “\.(gif|jpg|png)$”, therefore, it is handled by the latter location. Using the directive “root /data/www” the request is mapped to the file /data/www/logo.gif, and the file is sent to the client.
• A request “/index.php” is also matched by the prefix location “/” first and then by the regular expression “\.(php)$”. Therefore, it is handled by the latter location and the request is passed to a FastCGI server listening on localhost:9000. The fastcgi_param directive sets the FastCGI parameter SCRIPT_FILENAME to “/data/www/index.php”, and the FastCGI server executes the file. The variable $document_root is equal to the value of the root directive and the variable $fastcgi_script_name is equal to the request URI, i.e. “/index.php”.
• A request “/about.html” is matched by the prefix location “/” only, therefore, it is handled in this location. Using the directive “root /data/www” the request is mapped to the file /data/www/about.html, and the file is sent to the client.
• Handling a request “/” is more complex. It is matched by the prefix location “/” only, therefore, it is handled by this location. Then the index directive tests for the existence of index files according to its parameters and the “root /data/www” directive. If the file /data/www/index.html does not exist, and the file /data/www/index.php exists, then the directive does an internal redirect to “/index.php”, and nginx searches the locations again as if the request had been sent by a client. As we saw before, the redirected request will eventually be handled by the FastCGI server.

How To Install Linux, nginx, MySQL, PHP (LEMP) stack on Ubuntu 12.04

Tags

Linux, MySQL, nginx, phpmyadmin, Ubuntu

About Lemp

LEMP stack is a group of open source software to get web servers up and running. The acronym stands for Linux, nginx (pronounced Engine x), MySQL, and PHP. Since the server is already running Ubuntu, the linux part is taken care of. Here is how to install the rest.

Setup

The steps in this tutorial require the user to have root privileges. You can see how to set that up in the Initial Server Setup Tutorial in steps 3 and 4.

Step One—Update Apt-Get

Throughout this tutorial we will be using apt-get as an installer for all the server programs. On May 8th, 2012, a serious php vulnerability was discovered, and it is important that we download all of the latest patched software to protect the virtual private server.

Let’s do a thorough update.

sudo apt-get update

Step Two—Install MySQL

MySQL is a powerful database management system used for organizing and retrieving data

To install MySQL, open terminal and type in these commands:

sudo apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql

During the installation, MySQL will ask you to set a root password. If you miss the chance to set the password while the program is installing, it is very easy to set the password later from within the MySQL shell.

Once you have installed MySQL, we should activate it with this command:

sudo mysql_install_db

Finish up by running the MySQL set up script:

sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

The prompt will ask you for your current root password.

Type it in.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Then the prompt will ask you if you want to change the root password. Go ahead and choose N and move on to the next steps.

It’s easiest just to say Yes to all the options. At the end, MySQL will reload and implement the new changes.

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y                                            
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

Once you’re done with that you can finish up by installing PHP.

Step Three—Install nginx

Once MySQL is all set up, we can move on to installing nginx on the VPS.

echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/stable/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx-stable.list
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys C300EE8C
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

nginx does not start on its own. To get nginx running, type:

sudo service nginx start

You can confirm that nginx has installed an your web server by directing your browser to your IP address.

You can run the following command to reveal your VPS’s IP address.

ifconfig eth0 | grep inet | awk '{ print $2 }'

Step Four—Install PHP

To install PHP-FPM, open terminal and type in these commands. We will configure the details of nginx and php details in the next step:

sudo apt-get install php5-fpm

Step Five—Configure php

We need to make one small change in the php configuration.Open up php.ini:

 sudo nano /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini

Find the line, cgi.fix_pathinfo=1, and change the 1 to 0.

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

If this number is kept as 1, the php interpreter will do its best to process the file that is as near to the requested file as possible. This is a possible security risk. If this number is set to 0, conversely, the interpreter will only process the exact file path—a much safer alternative. Save and Exit. We need to make another small change in the php5-fpm configuration.Open up http://www.conf:

 sudo nano /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

Find the line, listen = 127.0.0.1:9000, and change the 127.0.0.1:9000 to /var/run/php5-fpm.sock.

listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock

Save and Exit.

Restart php-fpm:

sudo service php5-fpm restart

Step Six—Configure nginx

Open up the default virtual host file.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

The configuration should include the changes below (the details of the changes are under the config information):

UPDATE: Newer Ubuntu versions create a directory called ‘html’ instead of ‘www’ by default. If /usr/share/nginx/www does not exist, it’s probably called html. Make sure you update your configuration appropriately.

 [...]
server {
        listen   80;
     

        root /usr/share/nginx/www;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;

        server_name example.com;

        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
              root /usr/share/nginx/www;
        }

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on the php-fpm socket
        location ~ \.php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include fastcgi_params;
                
        }

}
[...]

Here are the details of the changes:

• Add index.php to the index line.
• Change the server_name from local host to your domain name or IP address (replace the example.com in the configuration)
• Change the correct lines in “location ~ \.php$ {“ section

Save and Exit

Step Seven—Create a php Info Page

We can quickly see all of the details of the new php configuration.

To set this up, first create a new file:

sudo nano /usr/share/nginx/www/info.php

Add in the following line:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Then Save and Exit.

Restart nginx

sudo service nginx restart

You can see the nginx and php-fpm configuration details by visiting http://youripaddress/info.php

Your LEMP stack is now set up and configured on your virtual private server.

Manage multiple MySql server using single phpmyadmin

Tags

mysql server, phpmyadmin

As a System Administrator, we tend to manage a number of MYSQL Server instance. So we need to find a better way of managing this set of mysql server into much a easier and centralized way. In my environment, I have 5 different MySQL database servers running separately under different server location. Since it run standalone and not in cluster mode, I need to have one platform to manage these database servers altogether.

PHPmyAdmin is able to do this, with some changes on the configuration files. You just need to allow the MySQL user and host on every database server to be connected to. The setup that I am going to do will be as below:

Inorder to install phpmyadmin on ubuntu, you need 3 main packages apache , MySQL and php has to be installed and configured properly.
1. Apache2 installation and configuration
2. Mysql installation
3. PHP installation

I’m assuming you have already installed a running LAMP on your server.
After installing apache2, mysql and php, you can continue with the below steps to install and configure phpmyadmin

SET UP

The steps in this tutorial require the user to have root privileges on your VPS.

Variables being used in this tutorial are:
Web Server IP: 192.168.1.150
PHPmyAdmin directory: /etc/phpmyadmin
User: phpmaroot
Password: pmapass123!

Install phpmyadmin

We will going to install phpmyadmin on svr1.webserver, and this server will going to manage our MYSQL servers

apt-get install phpmyadmin

Create root user to manage phpmyadmin

This step is optional, ofcourse we may use root to login on phpmyadmin.

mysql> CREATE USER 'phpmaroot'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'pmapass123!';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO phpmaroot@'%';

Modify my.cnf of mysql servers

Make sure all database servers are listening to all IP which accessible from outside. To simplify this, just remove or comment if you find following lines in your my.cnf file (usually located under /etc) :

#bind-address=127.0.0.1
#bind-address=localhost

Make MySql accessible

To differentiate our MySQL servers easily, better we add the servers’ hostname into Web Server/PHPmyAdmin server /etc/hosts file. Based on my requirements above, I will add following line into the web server /etc/hosts:

vi /etc/hosts

root@i-svr:/etc/phpmyadmin# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 i-svr.dev i-svr

svr2.mysql 192.168.1.90
svr3.mysql 192.168.1.91
svr4.mysql 192.168.1.92
svr5.mysql 192.168.1.93
svr6.mysql 192.168.1.94

Modify phpmyadmin configuration file

We need to create PHPmyAdmin configuration files to include all databases server as above. Copy the configuration example as below to the active configuration file:

cp /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php.bak

always make a backup

Find and uncomment the line below:

//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = TRUE;
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = TRUE;

Inside this file you will also see following line:

/* Authentication type */
//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'localhost';
//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
//$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';

Append the code below on top of the above lines:

/* Authentication type */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'svr2.mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;

/*
* Second server
*/
$i++;
/* Authentication type */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'svr3.mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;

/*
* Third server
*/
$i++;
/* Authentication type */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'svr4.mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;

/*
* Fourth server
*/
$i++;
/* Authentication type */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'svr5.mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;

/*
* Fifth server
*/
$i++;
/* Authentication type */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'svr6.mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysqli if your server has it */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysql';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;

Now you should be able to open the PHPmyAdmin via web browser at http://192.168.1.150/phpmyadmin . You can select MySQL servers you want to connect and access it using phpmaroot user as created above.